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[93] al-Ṣābi’,Hilāl. Rusūm Dār al-Khilāfah:The Rules and Regulations of the Court. Trans. Elie A.Salem. Beirut:American University of Beirut,1977.23 and 24.

[94] Manucci,Niccolao. Storia do Mogor or Mugul India,1653-1708. Trans. William Irvine. Reprint New Delhi:Oriental Books Reprint,1981.IV,241.

[95] HI Elliot,H.M.E. and John Dawson,trans. The History of India as Told by Its Own Historians:The Muhammadan Period,1867. Reprint New York:AMS Press,1966.III,356.

[96] PFT Hallock,Richard T.,trans. Persepolis Fortification Tablets. Chicago:University of Chicago Press,1969.8 and 360.

[97] Herodotus. The Persian Wars. Trans. George Rawlinson,New York:Modern Library,1942.I,192.

[98] Wittfogel,Karl A. and Feng Chia-sheng 1949 History of Chinese Society,Liao(907-1125). Philadelphia:American Philosophical Society.384.

[99] PSRL Polnoe sobranie russkikh letopisei. Moscow:Iazyki russkoi kul’tury,1997-2000.932,and Hyp. Perfecky,George,A.,trans. The Hypatian Codex. Vol. Ⅱ,The Galician-Volynia Chronicle. Munich:Wilhelm Fink,1973.114-15.关于“猎人税(lovchee)”的概念请参见Slovar 1975- Slovar russkogo iazyka XI-XVII vv. Moscow:Nauka,VIII,269。

[100] McChesney,R. D. 1991 Waqf in Central Asia:Four Hundred Years in the History of a Muslim Shrine,1480-1889. Princeton,N.J.:Princeton University Press.187-88.

[101] Rashīd/K Rashīd al-Dīn. al-tavārīkh. Ed. Karīmī. Tehran:Eqbal,1959.II,1087 and 1097-1101.

[102] MDMT Cleaves,Francis W.,trans. “The Mongolian Documents in the Musée de Téhéran.” Harvard Journal of Asiatic Studies 16(1953):30-31 and 81-83.

[103] VRTE Solomon,Bernard S.,trans. The Veritable Record of the T’ang Emperor Shun-tsung. Cambridge,Mass.:Harvard University Press,1955.16-17,and Waley,Arthur 1949 The Life and Times of Po Chü-i,772-846 A. D. London:Allen and Unwin.36-37.

[104] Mencius. Trans. W.A.C. H. Dobson. Toronto:University of Toronto Press,1963.1.3,1.24,and 3.33;CRP Watson,Burton,trans. Chinese Rhyme-Prose:Poems in the Fu Form from the Han and Six Dynasties Period. New York:Columbia University Press,1971.37 and 49-51;and WX Xiao Tong,Wen xuan or Selections of Refined Literature. Trans. David Knechtges. Princeton,N.J.:Princeton University Press,1982-87.I,447 and 449.

[105] SJ Sima Qian. Shiji. Beijing:Zhonghu shuju,1982.ch. 53,2018;SJH Sima Qian. Records of the Grand Historian:Han Dynasty. Rev. ed. Trans. Burton Watson,New York:Columbia University Press,1993.I,96;and Huan K’uan. Discourses on Salt and Iron:A Debate on State Control of Commerce and Industry in Early China. Trans. Essen M.Gale. Reprint Taibei:Ch’eng-wen Publishing,1973.81-84.

[106] HHS Fan Ye. Hou Hanshu. Beijing:Zhonghua shuju,1973.ch. 3,134,ch. 5,206 and 213.

[107] SJ Sima Qian. Shiji. Beijing:Zhonghu shuju,1982.ch. 10,432-33;SJH Sima Qian. Records of the Grand Historian:Han Dynasty. Rev. ed. Trans. Burton Watson,New York:Columbia University P

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