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dies 2：117-18，and Lattimore，Owen. High Tartary. Reprint New York：AMS Press，1975.107 and 118.

[85] Usāmah Ibn Munqidh. An Arab-Syrian Gentleman and Warrior in the Period of the Crusades：Memoirs of Usāmah Ibn Munqidh. Trans. Philip K.Hitti. Princeton University Press，1987.229，and Lansdell，Henry. Russian Central Asia，Including Kuldja，Bokhara，Khiva and Merv. Reprint New York：Arno Press，1970.II，326.

[86] Cummins，John 1988 The Hound and the Hawk：The Art of Medieval Hunting. New York：St. Martin’s Press.195-96，and Layard，Austin. Discoveries in the Ruins of Nineveh and Babylon，London：John Murray，1853.332-33.

[87] 关于训练欧亚大陆不同地区的各种鹰种的讨论，请参见KB/V Viré，François. Le tracté de l’art de volerie（Kitab al-Bayzara）. Leiden：E.J.Brill，1967.94-100；al-Raziq 1970，109-21；al-Timimi，Paris A. 1987 Falcons and Falconry in Qatar. Doha：Ali Bin Ali Press.78-80；Dementieff，Georges 1945 “La fauconnerie en Russe：Esquisse historique.” L’oiseau et la revue française d’ornithologie 15：27-29 and 34-35；and Jameson，E.W. 1962 The Hawking of Japan：The History and Development of Japanese Falconry. Davis，Calif.：Privately printed.49-65。

[88] Rudra Deva. Śyainika Śātram：The Art of Hunting in Ancient India. Trans. M.M.Haraprasad Shastri. Delhi：Eastern Book Linkers，1982.95 （para.6-10）；Allen，M.J.S. and G. R.Smith 1975 “Some Notes on Hunting Techniques and Practices in the Arabian Peninsula.” Arabian Studies 2：118-20；and Shaw，Robert. Visits to High Tartary，Yarkand and Kashgar. Hong Kong：Oxford University Press，1988.157-58.

[89] 参见Albertus Albertus Magnus. On Animals：A Medieval Sum ma Zoologica. II，1591-95 and 1616-18，and Ḥusām al-Dawlah. Bāznāmah-i Naṣīrī：A Persian Treatise on，153-85。

[90] Albertus Magnus. On Animals：A Medieval Sum ma Zoologica. II，1595-1621；Cummins，John 1988 The Hound and the Hawk：The Art of Medieval Hunting. New York：St. Martin’s Press.208-9；Rudra Deva. Śyainika Śātram：The Art of Hunting in Ancient India. Trans. M.M.Haraprasad Shastri. Delhi：Eastern Book Linkers，1982.110-19 （para.26-77）；Ḥusām Ḥusām al-Dawlah. Bāznāmah-i Naṣīrī：A Persian Treatise on，153-85；and Schafer，Edward H. 1959 “Falconry in T’ang Times.” T’oung-pao 46：335-36.

[91] Hakluyt，PN Hakluyt，Richard，The Principall Navigations of the English Nation. London：J.M.Dent，1907.365-66.

[92] Ḥusām Ḥusām al-Dawlah. Bāznāmah-i Naṣīrī：A Persian Treatise on，18-19.参见Rudra Deva. Śyainika Śātram：The Art of Hunting in Ancient India. Trans. M.M.Haraprasad Shastri. Delhi：Eastern Book Linkers，1982.96 （para. 11-15）。

[93] Ibn Shaddād，Bahā’al-Dīn. The Rare and Excellent History of Saladin. Trans. D.S.Richards. Aldershot：Ashgate，2002.146；Ḥāfīẓ-i Abrū/M Maitra，K.M.trans. A Persian Embassy to China，being an Extract from Zubatu’t Tawarikh of Hafiz Abru. Reprint New York：Paragon，1970.96；HC Bellér-Hann，Ildikó，trans. A History of Cathay：A Translation and Linguistic Analysis of a Fifteenth-Century Turkic Manuscript. Indiana University Uralic and Altaic