狩猎史

是谁进行狩猎？在哪里进行狩猎？多久狩猎一次？狩猎的方法和手段是怎样的？之后，我们才能回答其中核心的问题：这些人为何要进行狩猎？

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[1] 其他可参见Gellner，Ernest 1988 Plough，Sword，and Book：The Structure of Human History. Chicago：University of Chicago Press，19-20。附有具体日期的引用见“参考文献”；未注明日期的引用见“缩略语与原始出处”。

[2] Daniel，Glyn 1967 The Origin and Growth of Archaeology. New York：Cromwell，79-98.

[3] Kramer，Fritz L. 1967 “Edward Hahn and the End of the‘Three stages of Man’.” Geographical Review 57：73-89.

[4] Harris，David R. 1996 “Domesticatory Relationships of People，Plants and Animals.” In Roy Ellen and Katsuyoshi Fukui，eds.，Redefining Nature：Ecology，Culture and Domestication. Oxford：Berg，pp，447-51.

[5] 相关文献可参见Bird-David，Nurit 1992 “Beyond the Original Affluent Society.” Current Anthropology 33：25-47.

[6] Wilson，David Sloan 1998 “Hunting，Sharing and Multilevel Selection：The Tolerated Theft Model Revisited.” Current Anthropology 39：73-97.，附评论。

[7] Cohen，Mark Nathan 1989 Health and the Rise of Civilization. New Haven，Conn.：Yale University Press. Colley，Linda，2-6.

[8] 参见Hill，Kim 1982 “Hunting and Human Evolution.” Journal of Human Evolution 11，521-44及Potts，Richard 1984 “Hominid Hunters？Problems of Identifying the Earliest Hunter/Gatherers.” In Robert Foley，ed.，Hominid Evolution and Community Ecology：Prehistoric Human Adaptation in Biological Perspective. London：Academic Press，pp，129-66。

[9] Stiner，Mary D.，Natalee D. Munro，and Todd A. Surovell 2000 “The Tortoise and the Hare：Small Game Use，the Broad Spectrum Revolution and Paleolithic Demography.” Current Anthropology 41，39-73，附评论。

[10] Linton，Ralph 1955 The Tree of Culture. New York：Knopf.，150；Coon，Carleton S. 1971 The Hunting Peoples. Boston：Little，Brown. 1971，71-73；Legge，A. J. 1972 “Prehistoric Exploitation of Gazelle in Palestine.” In Higgs 1972，pp. 119-24.，119-24；Fagan，Brian 1987 The Great Journey：The Peopling of Ancient America. London：Thames and Hudson.，74；and Simmons，I. G. 1989 Changing the Face of the Earth：Culture，Environment，History. Oxford：Blackwell.，43-47.

[11] 请参见Legge，A. J. and P. A. Rowley-Conwy 1987 “Gazelle Killing in Stone Age Syria.” Scientific American 257，2，88-95 以及Balter，Michael 1998 “Why Settle Down？The Mystery of Communities.” Science 282，1444-45。

[12] 本书作者多处使用“Manchuria”一词，泛指中国东北三省全境、内蒙古东北部地区以及旧热河省全部范围和外兴安岭以南的广袤地域。（文中页下注为译者所加，原书注文请参见“注释”部分，后不复注。）

[13] Vasilevich，T. M. 1968 “Rol okhoty v istorii tungusoiazychnykh narodov，” In Jagd 1968，pp.129-41.

[14] Wittfogel，Karl A. and Feng Chia-sheng 1949 History of Chinese Society，Liao（907-1125）. Philadelphia：American Philosophical Society.，126；LS，ch. 68，1037；and ，97. 关于狩猎活动在古代草原地带所占据的地位可参见Novgorodova 1974，70-73。

[15] Pliny，VI.161；，100；and Pachymérès，II，446.更多评论与其他参考文献请参见Sinor，Denis 1968 “Some Remarks on the Economic Role of Hunting in Central Eurasia.” In Jagd 1968，pp.119-21。

[16] Noonan，Thomas S. 1995 “The Khazar Economy.” Archivum