驯兽师的交换

带的残卷所代表的方言称为吐火罗语A或东吐火罗语，将库车一带的残卷所代表的方言称为吐火罗语B或西吐火罗语，即龟兹语。

[23] Pulleyblank，Edwin G. 1995 “Why Tocharians？” Journal of Indo-European Studies 23：427-28；Adams，Douglas Q. 1999 A Dictionary of Tocharian B. Amsterdam：Rodopi，660；and Bailey，Harold W. 1982 The Culture of the Sakas in Ancient Iranian Khotan. Del Mar，Calif.：Caravan Books，35.

[24] Haussig，Hans Wilhelm 1983 Die Geschichte Zentralasiens und der Seidenstrasse in vorislamischer Zeit. Darmstadt：Wissenschaftliche Buchgesellschaft，14，37，85，and 226；Rawson，Jessica 1998 “Strange Creatures.” Oriental Art 44，2：24-28. ar-Raziq，Ahmad ，24-28；and Powers，Martin J. 1991 Art and Political Expression in Early China. New Haven，Conn.：Yale University Press，271-73.

[25] Laufer，Bertold 1909 Chinese Pottery of the Han Dynasty. Leiden：E. J. Brill，155-56，203，and 236-45.

[26] HHS Fan Ye. Hou Hanshu. Beijing：Zhonghua shuju，1973，ch. 88，2927.

[27] Yang Xuanzhi Yang Hsüan-chih. A Record of Buddhist Monasteries in Lo-yang. Trans. Yi-t’ung Wang. Princeton，N.J.：Princeton University Press，1984，152；Schafer，Edward H. 1963 The Golden Peaches of Samarkand：A Study in T’ang Exotics. Berkeley：University of California Press，84-87；and Zhao Rugua Chau Ju-kua. His Work on the Chinese and Arab Trade in the Twelfth and Thirteenth Centuries，entitled Chu-fan-chi. Trans. Friedrich Hirth and W.W.Rockhill. Reprint Taibei：Literature House，1965，111.

[28] YS Yuanshih. Beijing：Zhonghua shuju，1978，ch. 30，674，677，and 678.

[29] MS Mingshi. Beijing：Zhonghua shuju，1974，ch. 332，8600-8601.

[30] Khiṭā’l， Akbar. Khiṭā’î-nāmah. Ed. Iraj Afshār. Tehran：Asian Cultural Documentation Center for UNESCO，1979，36-37.

[31] 参见Dupree，Nancy Hatch 1979 “T’ang Tombs in Chien County China.” Archaeology 32，4：37-38。

[32] 除了特别标注之处，此处的讨论基于Laufer，Bertold 1928 The Giraffe in History and Art. Anthropology Leaflet 27. Chicago：Field Museum of Natural History，20ff。

[33] al-Balādhurī. The Origins of the Islamic State. Trans. Philip Hitti and F. C.Murgotten. New York：Columbia University Press，1916-24. I vols.，381，and AI Kubbel，L.E. and V.V.Matveev，trans. Arabskie istochniki Ⅶ-Ⅹ vekov po etnografii i istorii narodov Afriki Moscow-Leningrad：Izdatel’stvo akademii nauk SSSR，1960，26，28，229 and 236.

[34] al-Ṭabarī，XXXVIII，3，and ，III，3-4.

[35] Pachymérès，Georges. Relations historiques. Trans. V.Laurent. Paris：Société d’éditions Les Belles Lettres，1984. I vols.，238；Albertus Magnus. On Animals：A Medieval Sum ma Zoologica，II，1449-50；SMOIZO Tizengauzen，V.，trans. Sbornik materialov otnosiashchikhsia k istorii Zolotoi Ordy. Vol. Ⅰ，Izvlecheniia iz sochinenii arabskikh. St. Petersburg：Stroganov，1884，178 and 192，阿拉伯语文本，and 189 and 194，俄语译本；and Ibn Arabshah，Ahmed，Tamerlane or Timur the Great Amir. Trans. J.H.Sanders. Reprint Lahore：Progressive Books，n.d.，220。

[36] Zhao Rugua Chau Ju-kua. His Work on the Chinese and Arab Trade in the Twelfth and Thirte